Friday, February 1, 2013

Do We Need Anxiety? Thoughts for Entering the New Year


Remember the last time you listened to a great piece of music? For some pieces, the music gradually increases in intensity until it reaches a crescendo, the loudest or most exciting part, and then resolves.
As the music builds and fades, so does your own feeling of excitement. A crescendo is like the climax of a story, or the inspirational moment in a good speech.
Maybe you've also heard a song with no crescendo. It doesn't go anywhere. Without a rise in intensity music might be relaxing, but it's often boring.
On the other hand if music were all crescendo, the constant loudness would be too much. You would want a way to turn down the volume.
Anxiety can motivate.
Anxiety is like that - a little is a good thing. Anxiety can help you get work done on time and make thoughtful decisions about money. It can help you pay your bills, clean the kitchen, give a presentation, or take a test. Anxiety helps you get started and make things happen - especially things you don't really want to do.
Without intensity, life would feel flat. Important tasks wouldn't seem urgent. People with little energy or intensity often fee depressed or disconnected with life.
People with AD/HD can also have trouble building the intensity they need to motivate themselves and get started on tasks and projects. Often their efforts are scattered and their energy dissipated.
But too much anxiety is exhausting.
Peak performers know how to find the "sweet spot"
Peak performers, like athletes and musicians, know about crescendo. They know how to motivate themselves to do their best. They also know how to tell when they've reached their peak, and how to keep their energy from turning into anxiety.
In 1908, Harvard Psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson proposed that performance and arousal, as they called it, are related. The more aroused you are, the better you perform - to a point. After that point, you become anxious and don't perform as well. A little anxiety motivates, but too much gets in your way.
Research shows that we need some anxiety to feel energized and motivated - and to warn us when there's a problem. But too much leaves us feeling overwhelmed and frazzled, like there's danger around every corner.
Know your "sweet spot" for the New Year
As we move into the new year, you might be setting goals about getting things done, having fun, getting organized, losing weight, or spending time with friends. Some people are inspired by their New Year's goals. Their goals provide just enough motivation to make important lifestyle changes.
But for others, moving into the New Year seems overwhelming. Resolutions and expectations - especially if you're already falling short of what you had hoped for - create anxiety.
To lessen the anxiety, you need three things. First, you need to notice when your motivation, excitement, and energy are building to a crescendo. Second, you need a signal to let you know when you've reached the peak, before the feelings get too intense. And third, you need a way to stop right at the sweet spot.
How to get to the crescendo
How do you tell when you're at just the right spot - when you've reached the crescendo?
If you're someone who feels like you can barely hear the music, you might be struggling with low arousal. With low arousal, you might feel tired, unmotivated, spacy, distracted or even depressed. As you move into the new year, your task is to find what motivates and energizes you. At this time of year, I help many of my clients put together the building blocks of motivation.
If you're someone who feels like the music is too loud, you might be motivated - but anxiety gets in your way. Signs of anxiety are physical tension; feelings of worry, fear, and panic; fretting or racing thoughts; and a focus on the future or the past. I help clients notice these indicators of anxiety earlier along the performance curve, when they are much easier to quiet.
Learn to be a peak performer
There are many ways to move from anxiety to peak performance. You can find a way that works for you by following these research-based principles.
1. Be positive. A common New Year's resolution is to "be less anxious." A more positive goal might be to "stay calm" or "enjoy my mornings."
2. Be specific. Research shows that change is more likely when you focus on one particular part of a problem rather than something more general. If you're trying to create a calm morning, you might start your morning 10 minutes of meditation. If you're trying to stay calm in a conversation, you might take 2 full breaths before responding.
3. Start small. Break down your goal by thinking about a particular situation or time of day. For example your goal might be, "Step outside and breathe the fresh air first thing every morning" or "When I hear a request, take three deep breaths before responding".
We do need anxiety - but just enough to stay safe, motivated, and do our best. A little anxiety is a good thing. Too much is overwhelming. Just as the intensity of music affects our joy in listening, how anxious we feel affects our joy in life.
Learning how to enjoy the moments of crescendo - or turn down the volume when the intensity is too much - are the keys to doing well and feeling good in the new year.

What Are the Causes of Mental Illness?

What Are the Causes of Mental Illness?

The exact cause of most mental illnesses is unknown, but there are many known factors at play. These can be biological, psychological or environmental. The cause varies from person to person and it can be complicated. For most people who suffer from mental illnesses, the cause is some combination of these factors.
Genetic Factors
Most mental illnesses run in families. Twin studies have shown that there is a definite genetic factor. While your family history doesn't necessarily cause you to have the illness as well, it does put you at greater risk for developing it. In the case of schizophrenia, for example, people with close relatives that have the disorder are ten times more likely to develop it themselves. Chronic depression and bipolar disorder are similar.
Chemical Imbalance
Neurotransmitters are chemicals in the brain through which the brain communicates with the nerves. When these chemicals are not working properly, the brain doesn't function regularly and this abnormal functioning leads to mental illness. This is why medications are used to treat symptoms. They restore normal brain functioning.
Early Development
Neglect or abuse in early life can lead to serious mental problems in adulthood. Severe emotional, physical and sexual abuse can all be contributing factors. The loss of a parent or any other traumatic event can lead to lifelong mental problems.
Long-Term Drug Use
There's a strong connection between drug use and mental illness. It's often hard to tell if the person is self-medicating to get rid of the symptoms or the drug triggers the symptoms. Marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, psychedelic drugs such as LSD, alcohol and even seemingly harmless caffeine have all been linked to mental disorders. Long-term abuse of any substance can lead to anxiety, depression and paranoia.
Disease or Injury
Traumatic brain injury or exposure to toxins in the womb can cause mental illnesses. Lead in paint has been found to cause mental problems and certain foods are shown to contribute to ADHD. Infections that affect the brain can cause damage to areas involved in personality and thinking. The effect of disease and injury on the brain is not well understood because researchers have few chances to study real-life cases.
Life Experiences
Any kind of trauma that is either extremely stressful or persistent can lead to mental problems. The death of someone close to you, the experience of war, long-term harassment, working too hard or even being unemployed for too long can cause mental problems.
Society and Culture
Societal factors also contribute. There is a higher level of mental illness among immigrants, the poor, and people who lack social cohesion. Many blame the hectic pace of modern life and the dissolution of traditional values for the rise in psychological disorders. Racial oppression can also be a factor. However, there is little scientific evidence to support these social and cultural factors.
If you're worried that you may suffer from a mental illness, seek professional help immediately. A qualified professional can diagnose you, help you find the causes, and get you started on the right treatment.
To read more about Living with Bipolar disorder please visit my site http://www.mentalillnesstest.org.